За следните болести има опити за лечение със стволови клетки, като с напредване на изследванията този списък се увеличава:

Acute Leukemias - Acute Biphenotypic Leukemia - Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL) - Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML) - Acute Undifferentiated Leukemia Chronic Leukemias - Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) - Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML) - Juvenile Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (JCML) - Juvenile Myelomonocytic Leukemia (JMML) Myelodysplastic Syndromes - Amyloidosis - Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia (CMML) - Refractory Anemia (RA) - Refractory Anemia with Excess Blasts (RAEB) - Refractory Anemia with Excess Blasts in Transformation (RAEB-T) - Refractory Anemia with Ringed Sideroblasts (RARS) Stem Cell Disorders - Aplastic Anemia (Severe) - Congenital Cytopenia - Dyskeratosis Congenita - Fanconi Anemia - Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria (PNH) Myeloproliferative Disorders - Acute Myelofibrosis - Agnogenic Myeloid Metaplasia (Myelofibrosis) - Essential Thrombocythemia - Polycythemia Vera Lymphoproliferative Disorders - Hodgkin's Disease - Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma - Prolymphocytic Leukemia Phagocyte Disorders - Chediak-Higashi Syndrome - Chronic Granulomatous Disease - Neutrophil Actin Deficiency - Reticular Dysgenesis Liposomal Storage Diseases - Adrenoleukodystrophy - Gaucher's Disease - Hunter's Syndrome (MPS-II) - Hurler's Syndrome (MPS-IH) - Krabbe Disease - Maroteaux-Lamy Syndrome (MPS-VI) - Metachromatic Leukodystrophy - Morquio Syndrome (MPS-IV) - Mucolipidosis II (I-cell Disease) - Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) - Niemann-Pick DiseaseSanfilippo Syndrome (MPS-III) - Scheie Syndrome (MPS-IS) - Sly Syndrome, Beta-Glucuronidase Deficiency (MPS-VII) - Wolman Disease Histiocytic Disorders - Familial Erythrophagocytic - Lymphohistiocytosis - Hemophagocytosis - Histiocytosis-X - Langerhans' Cell Histiocytosis Inherited Erythrocyte Abnormalities - Beta Thalassemia Major - Blackfan-Diamond Anemia - Pure Red Cell Aplasia - Sickle Cell Disease Congenital (Inherited) Immune System Disorders - Absence of T & B Cells SCID - Absence of T Cells, Normal B Cell SCID - Ataxia-Telangiectasia - Bare Lymphocyte Syndrome - Common Variable Immunodeficiency - DiGeorge Syndrome - Kostmann Syndrome - Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency - Omenn's Syndrome - Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID) - SCID with Adenosine Deaminase Deficiency - Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome - X-Linked Lymphoproliferative Disorder Inherited Platelet Abnormalities - Amegakaryocytosis / Congenital - Thrombocytopenia Plasma Cell Disorders - Multiple Myeloma - Plasma Cell Leukemia - Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia Other Malignancies - Brain Tumors - Breast Cancer - Ewing Sarcoma - Neuroblastoma - Ovarian Cancer - Renal Cell Carcinoma - Small-Cell Lung Cancer - Testicular Cancer Autoimmune Diseases - Evan Syndrome - Multiple Sclerosis (Experimental) - Rheumatoid Arthritis (Experimental) - Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (Experimental) Other Inherited Disorders - Cartilage-Hair Hypoplasia - Ceroid Lipofuscinosis - Congenital Erythropoietic Porphyria - Glanzmann Thrombasthenia - Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome - Osteopetrosis - Tay Sachs Disease Potential Future Stem Cell Applications* - Alzheimer's Disease - Diabetes - Heart Disease - Liver Disease - Muscular Dystrophy - Parkinson's Disease - Spinal Cord Injury - Stroke